Process for ornamenting surfaces



March 25, 1930. D. M. FLQUINOY ET AL 1,752,164

PROCESS FOR ORNAMENTING SURFACES Filed July 28, 1927 INVENTOHS l OURNOYY R D. 6508 as Patented Mar. 25, 1930 UNITED STATES- PATENT? OFFICE DAVID M. I'LOUBNOY AND rERIoLEs n. GEORGE, or srr. LOUIS, mrssoum PROCESS FOR ORNAMENTING SURFACES Application filed July 28,

Our invention relates to a process for or, namenting surfaces, one particular application of the process being themanufacture of coated material for use in making water proof garments, coverings, and the like. Water proof textile material heretofore used, for example, in the manufacture of rain proof garments, has either had a rough, unattractive surface or a smooth surface without pattern or desi In accordance with our invention or discovery we are enabled to make an ornamented water proof material Joy a process little if anymore expensive than those heretofore employedin the manufacture of plain, smooth material.

,In its applicationto the manufacture of material for rain proof garments, our process com rises impregnating a woven fabric, pre erably silk, with a liquid material, which when coagulated or dried in a film is flexible; viscous linseed oil being an example of such liquid. Other drying oils such'as soya bean 011, or Perilla oil may be used, either alone'or mixed with linseed oil, as the impregnating liquid. In application thistreatment comprises immersing the fabric in the liquid and then passing it between rollers, or other known means, to remove the surplus liquid and predetermine the thiclmess of-the product before drying. The treated fabric is then dried, preferably by application of heat, and the resultant product is a flexible sheet having the combined strength ofthe film and the fabric and impervious to' water;

but its surfaces are without figure or pattern and it is not of attractive appearance in a manufactured garment. In orderto give the product an attractive appearance, and incidentally further increasing the thickness of 40 water proof, material without, however, substantially affecting the flexibility, we apply to it a coating of a liquid composition consisting of two parts viscous linseed oil and one part of Chinawood oil, preferably with the addition of a drier in the form of linoleate of lead, cobalt, or manganese, and also preferably with approximately 15%. by volume of a suitable thinner, such 'as'petroleum' naphtha. It is known that when viscous China Wood oil, (produced by heat treating that when employed as a coating and treated 1927- Serial No'. 209,183.

trol the effect, nor had it been conceived that it could be employed to produce an ornamental surface on a fabric. The China Wood oil used in the composition above described is heat treated to give it such viscosity as to give the composition the characteristic as hereinafter described, it coagulates in drying to" produce a uniform wrinkled surface comprising small ridges or wrinkles close lyadjacent to each other. The degree of viscosity of the oil necessary that the composition have the characteristid referred to, is not critical and a suitable degree may readily be obtained bytest in carrying out our improved process. In the claims we, have employed the word treated to define China wood oil having suitable viscosity for the purposes of our invention. I The final coating just described, is applied to the product resulting from the first portion of the process above described, one suitable means forso applying it being to immerse the product in the composition, then, pass it betweenrolls, or other known means, to determine the thickness of the applied film. A suitable thickness. to accomplish the desired result may readily be determined by experiment, it bein noted here that it is possible to make this lm both too thin and too-thick to secure the preferred ornamental appearance hereinafter described, orany definite uniform pattern'over all of the treated material. Prompt] after applying to the material the secon coating referred to, it is passed into an oven and subjected to a temperature of not lessthan 110 F. We have found that in a few minutes after being subjected to heat the outer film coagulates in tiny ridges'in'clo'se proximity to each other and over-the entire surface, there being areas of substantially parallel ridges, other areas in which the ridges are in fan shape, and areas in which they are irregular. The accompanyingdrawing is intended to illustrate approximately the lining of the surface as just described. It is characteristic that the entire surface presents the desired ornamental effect, and that the lines or ridges are substantially uniform in height and width. The silk being translucent, and the films resulting from the drying of both of the treating materials being transparent or translucent, the li ht transmission and reflection combines with the physical conformation of the surface to produce a very pleasing visual effect.

It will be noted that the process described does not involve any-materials or treatment injurious to the base fabric or the application of any chemical reagents to thefilms in either their liquid or coagulated state.

While we do not desire to be bound to any theory or explanation of the causes of the forming of the particular surface resulting from our process, we believe that it is partly due to the adjustment of thickness of the sec- 0nd film and the immediate application of the proper degree of heat thereto, sincewe have found that the film will not produce the ornamental effect if the application of heat is delayed very long. This would indicate a particular range of thicknesses of the second film applied and the prompt application of heat is what causes it to regularly form in fine lines or ridges of uniform size distributed entirely over the surface and thus makes the process useful by reason of the controllability of the ornamental result. The desired ornamental appearance would not be secured on a silk fabric by omitting the first treatment herein described from which it appears teristics to treated China wood oil With respect to the surface of a coagulated film thereof would of course be the equivalent of China wood oil for the broader purposes of our invention; likewise, since the result broadly desiredfrom the employment of the second coating is a flexible wrinkled film and the wrinkling effect is produced by the China wood oil, the other coagulable oil used with it to form the second coating, may, in lieu of linseed oilbe- Perilla oil or other coagulable oils which maybe caused to dry at a suitable rate and will 've' the dried film the suitable flexibility whic it would not have if the second coating were composed solely or chiefly of China wood oil.

What we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. The process of producing an ornamental water proof cloth, which comprises impregnating woven silk fabric with a liquid composition co'agulable to form a flexible water proof material and applying to said product after the composition has been coagulated, a coating, of a coagulable mixture containing treated China wood oil and promptly subjecting said coating to heat. i 2. The process of forming an ornamental water proof material adapted for use in coverings, wearing apparel, and the like, which comprisesimmersing silk fabric in a liquid compound capable of forming a flexible film when dried, passing the treated fabric through rolls, orother known means, to remove the surplus liquid, drying the same, and then applying to the surface thereof a coating of a coagulable liquid composition containing China wood oil and promptly subjecting the material to heat to quickly coagulate the mixture, the China wood oil of the composition being of such viscosity as to cause the surface of the coating to contract in drying under said prompt application of heat to form a pattern whose dominating characteristic is a plurality of closely adjacent ridges of substantially uniform cross sectional area and uniformly distributed over the entire surface.

3. The process of forming an ornamental water proof material adapted to use in coverings, wearing apparel, and the like, which comprises immersing silk fabric in a liquid compound capable of forming a flexible film when dried, passing the treated fabric through rolls, or other known means, to remove the surplus liquid, drying the same, and then applying to the surface thereof a coating of a mixture of one part treated China a wood oil and two parts linseed oil, said mixthe material to atmospheric air of a temperature of at least 110 F.

4. The process of ornamenting a fabric which comprises applying thereto a coating of a liquid capable of forming a smooth film when dried, applying to' said coating when dry a coagulable liquid mixture comprising trated China wood oil and having the characteristic of such surface contraction in coagulating in heated atmospheric air as to form a ridged surface, and promptly subjecting said applied coating to heat.

5. The process of forming ornamental water proof material adapted to use in coverings, wearing apparel and the like, which comprises immersing silk fabric in viscous linseed oil, removing the surplus liquid. therefrom, drying the same, and then apply- Having fully described our invention, ling to the surface of said dried coating a coagulable oil composition comprising treatture of at least 110 degrees F.

ed China wood oil, and promptly subjecting the material to atmospheric air of a, tempera- In testimony whereof, we hereunto aflix our signatures, this 25 day of July, 1927.

DAVID M. FLOURNOY. PERICLES D. GEORGE. 

